Mumakore achangopfuura, China itsvaindasitiri yemotokari yemagetsiyakasangana nekukurumidza uye yave mutambi akakosha mumusika wepasi rose wemotokari dzemagetsi. Zvinoenderana neazvino musika data uye ongororo yeindasitiri, China haina kungowana zvinokatyamadza kubudirira mumusika wepamba, asi yakaratidzawo kukwikwidza kwakasimba mumusika wepasirese. Ichi chinyorwa chichaongorora mamiriro azvino, matambudziko uye mafambiro ekuvandudza emangwana emotokari nyowani yeChina inotengeswa kunze kwenyika kubva kune akawanda maonero.
1. Kukurumidza kusimuka kweindasitiri yemotokari yemagetsi yeChina
Kusimuka kweindasitiri yemotokari nyowani yeChina kunogona kuteverwa kumashure muna 2010, apo nyika yakaunza nhevedzano yemitemo yekusimudzira kuvandudzwa kwemotokari dzemagetsi. Nekuenderera mberi kwekufambira mberi kwetekinoroji uye nekuwedzera kwemusika kudiwa, vagadziri vemotokari dzemagetsi vekuChina vakaita seBYD, NIO, uye Xpeng vakakurumidza kubuda uye vave vatambi vakakosha mumusika wepasi rose wemotokari dzemagetsi.
Sekureva kweChina Association of Automobile Manufacturers, kutengeswa kweChina kwemotokari nyowani dzemagetsi kwakasvika 6.8 miriyoni muna 2022, ichiverengera ingangoita 60% yekutengesa mota dzemagetsi pasi rose. Iyi nhamba haingoratidzi hutungamiriri hweChina mumunda wemotokari dzemagetsi, asi zvakare inoratidza kugona kwayo kwakasimba muhunyanzvi hwekuvandudza tekinoroji uye kukwidziridzwa kwemusika.
2. Kuwedzera kwemisika yekutengesa kunze kwenyika
Sezvo musika wepamba uchizara zvishoma nezvishoma, vagadziri vemotokari dzemagetsi eChinese vava kutanga kutendeudzira kumusika wepasirese. Zvinoenderana nedata kubva kuGeneral Administration of Customs, mota nyowani yeChina inotengeswa kunze kwenyika yakasvika 500,000 mayunitsi muna 2022, gore negore kuwedzera kwe120%. Uku kukura kunonyanya kukonzerwa nezvinhu zvinotevera:
(1) Zvakanakira zvetekinoroji: Mota dzemagetsi nyowani dzeChina dzakafambira mberi zvakanyanya muhunyanzvi hwebhatiri, hungwaru, uye kuzvityaira. Semuenzaniso, BYD's blade bhatiri ine kuita kwakanakisa mukuchengetedza uye kutsungirira, kukwezva vatengi vepasi rese.
(2) Kukwikwidza kwemitengo: Mutengo wemotokari nyowani dzeChina wakaderera uye unogona kuzadzisa zvinodiwa nevatengi vakasiyana. Kune vatengi mumisika zhinji yepasirese, mutengo chinhu chakakosha kufunga pakusarudza mota dzemagetsi.
(3) Rutsigiro rwePolicy: Hurumende yeChina yakapa tsigiro yegwaro rekutengesa kunze kwemotokari itsva dzemagetsi, kusanganisira kusabhadharirwa mutero uye rubatsiro rwekunze kunze kwenyika, nezvimwewo. Iyi mitemo yakanyatso kudzikisa mari yekushandisa yemabhizinesi uye kuwedzera kukwikwidza kwavo kune dzimwe nyika.
3. Ongororo yemisika mikuru yekutengesa kunze kwenyika
Misika yemotokari nyowani yeChina inotengeswa kunze kwenyika inonyanya kutariswa muEurope, Southeast Asia, South America nemamwe matunhu.
(1) Musika weEurope: Sezvo nyika dzeEurope dzichibhadhara zvakanyanya uye zvakanyanya kutarisisa marongero ekuchengetedza nharaunda, kudiwa kwemotokari dzemagetsi kuri kuramba kuchikwira. Vagadziri veChinese vakaita saWeilai naXiaopeng vakaita zvakanyanya mumusika weEurope, kunyanya munyika dzakaita seNorway, Germany neFrance. Kubudirira kwaWeilai kunyorwa muNorway kunoratidza kuwedzera kuzivikanwa kwemhando dzemotokari dzemagetsi dzeChinese mumusika weEurope.
(2) Musika wekuMaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweAsia: Nyika dzeSoutheast Asia dzakaita seThailand neIndonesia dzavewo misika yakakosha kunze kwenyika yemotokari nyowani dzeChina. Hurumende dzenyika idzi dzakashingairira kukurudzira kufarirwa kwemotokari dzemagetsi uye kupa nharaunda yakanaka yemusika. BYD's electric bus bus project muThailand yakabudirira, ichiwedzera kusimbisa nzvimbo yayo mumusika weSoutheast Asia.
(3) Musika weSouth America: Kudiwa kwemotokari dzemagetsi mumusika weSouth America kuri kuwedzerawo zvishoma nezvishoma. Vagadziri vemotokari itsva dzekuChina vakavhura misika zvishoma nezvishoma munyika dzakaita seBrazil neArgentina nekushandira pamwe nemakambani emuno.
IV. Matambudziko
Kunyangwe mota nyowani dzeChina dzakabudirira zvinoshamisa pamusika wepasi rose, dzichiri kutarisana nemamwe matambudziko:
(1)Kuzivikanwa kweBrand: Kunyangwe mota dzemagetsi nyowani dzeChinese dziine zvakanakira tekinoroji uye mutengo, mune dzimwe nyika dzakabudirira, kuziva kwevatengi nezvemhando dzeChinese kuchiri kwakadzikira. Maitiro ekusimudzira chimiro chemhando uye kuvimba kwevatengi idambudziko rinofanirwa kugadziriswa nemakambani eChinese.
(2) Zvipingamupinyi zvekutengeserana kwenyika: Dzimwe nyika dzakaisa mitero yepamusoro uye zviyero zvehunyanzvi zvemotokari dzemagetsi dzinounzwa kunze kwenyika, izvo zvinounza zvimwe zvipingamupinyi pakutumirwa kunze kwemotokari dzemagetsi dzeChinese. Makambani eChinese anofanirwa kupindura zvine mutsindo kune izvi zvipingamupinyi zvekutengesa uye kutsvaga nzira dzakakodzera dzekupinda mumusika.
(3) Misiyano yehunyanzvi zviyero: Nyika dzakasiyana dzine akasiyana tekinoroji zviyero uye kuchengetedza zvinodiwa pamotokari dzemagetsi. Makambani eChinese anofanirwa kuita gadziriso dzinoenderana uye kuvandudzwa zvichienderana nezvinodiwa zvemusika unotangwa.
V. Future Development Trends
Tichitarisa kumberi, tarisiro itsva yemotokari yemotokari yeChina inoramba yakakura. Sezvo nyika inobhadhara zvakanyanya kubudiriro inoenderera, kudiwa kwemusika kwemotokari dzemagetsi kucharamba kuchikura. Makambani eChinese anogona kuwedzera misika yavo yepasirese nenzira dzinotevera:
(1) Simbisa hunyanzvi hwekuita tekinoroji: Ramba uchiwedzera mari yeR&D kuvandudza tekinoroji yebhatiri, nhanho yehungwaru uye kutyaira kwakazvimiririra kuzadzisa zviyero zvepamusoro zvemusika wepasirese.
(2)Gadzira cheni yepasi rose: Nekumisikidza mabhesi ekugadzira uye nzvimbo dzeR&D mhiri kwemakungwa, tinogona kuderedza mitengo yekugadzira, kuvandudza kukurumidza kwekupindura kwemusika, uye kuwedzera kukwikwidza kwenyika.
(3)Simudzira chimiro chemhando: Wedzera kuoneka kwerudzi rwepasirese uye wedzera kuvimba kwevatengi nekutora chikamu muzviratidzwa zvepasi rose, kutsigira zviitiko zvemitambo, nezvimwe.
(4) Chengetedza pindura kune shanduko yemitemo: Nyatsoteerera kune shanduko yezvematongerwo enyika mumusika wepasi rose uye nekuchinja nzira dzemusika kutarisana nezvipingamupinyi zvekutengeserana uye mutsauko wehunyanzvi zviyero.
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Nguva yekutumira: May-26-2025