Sezvo indasitiri yemotokari inopinda neshanduko huruioni,mota dzemagetsi (EVs)vari pamberi pekuchinja uku. Inokwanisa kushanda nekushomeka kwezvakatipoteredza, maEV imhinduro inovimbisa kumanikidzira matambudziko akadai sekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze uye kusvibiswa kwemaguta. Nekudaro, shanduko yekuenda kune yakagadzikana yemotokari mamiriro haina pasina zvipingamupinyi zvayo. Zvichangobva kutaurwa kubva kuvatungamiriri veindasitiri vakaita saLisa Blankin, Sachigaro weFord Motor UK, vakaratidza kudiwa kwekukurumidzira kwerutsigiro rwehurumende kusimudzira kugamuchirwa kwevatengi kweEVs.
Brankin akadana hurumende yeUK kuti ipe vatengi mari inokwana £5,000 pamotokari yemagetsi. Kufona uku kunouya muchiedza chemakwikwi anotyisa kubva kumotokari dzemagetsi dzinodhura kubva kuChina uye nhanho dzakasiyana dzekudiwa kwevatengi mumisika dzakasiyana. Indasitiri yemotokari parizvino iri kunetsekana nenyaya yekuti kufarira kwevatengi mumotokari dze zero-emission hakusati kwasvika padanho rinotarisirwa pakatanga kudhindwa mirau. Brankin akasimbisa kuti rubatsiro rwehurumende rwakananga rwakakosha kuti indasitiri irarame, kunyanya sezvo ichitarisana nekuoma kwekuchinja kuenda kumotokari dzemagetsi.
Kuburitswa kwemhando yemagetsi yeFord diki inotengeswa zvakanyanya SUV, iyo Puma Gen-E, panzvimbo yayo yeHalewood muMerseyside kunoratidza kuzvipira kwekambani kumotokari dzemagetsi. Nekudaro, zvakataurwa naBlankin zvinosimbisa kunetseka kwakakura: kuti zvinokurudzira zvakakosha zvichadikanwa kukurudzira kufarira kwevatengi. Paakabvunzwa nezve kushanda kwezvikurudziro zvakarongwa, akacherechedza kuti zvinofanirwa kunge zviri pakati pe-£ 2,000 ne-£ 5,000, zvichiratidza kuti rubatsiro rwakakosha rwaizodiwa kukurudzira vatengi kuti vashandure kumotokari dzemagetsi.
Mota dzemagetsi, kana bhatiri mota dzemagetsi (BEVs), dzakagadzirirwa kuti dzimhanye pamusoro pemagetsi emagetsi, uchishandisa mota yemagetsi kutyaira mavhiri. Iyi tekinoroji yehunyanzvi haingoenderane chete nemigwagwa yemigwagwa uye mitemo yekuchengetedza, asiwo inopa huwandu hwezvakanakira zvakatipoteredza. Kusiyana neyakajairwa mukati memoto injini dzemoto, mota dzemagetsi hadzibudisi kubuda kwemhepo, zvichibatsira kuchenesa mweya uye kuderedza zvinosvibisa zvakaita secarbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides uye particulate matter. Kusavapo kweiyi inokuvadza inoburitsa mukana wakakura sezvo ichibatsira kurwisa nyaya dzakadai semvura ine acid uye photochemical smog, izvo zvinokuvadza kune zvese hutano hwevanhu uye nharaunda.
Pamusoro pekubatsirika kwadzo kwezvakatipoteredza, mota dzemagetsi dzinozivikanwawo nekuve nesimba rakawanda. Zvidzidzo zvakaratidza kuti motokari dzemagetsi dzinoshandisa simba rakawanda kudarika motokari dzine simba repeturu, kunyanya munzvimbo dzemumaguta dzinogara dzichimira uye kutyaira zvishoma nezvishoma. Kushanda uku hakungodzikisi kutsamira pamafuta efossil, asi zvakare kunobvumira kushandiswa kwehungwaru kwezviwanikwa zvepetroleum zvishoma. Sezvo maguta ari kuramba achinetsana nekuzara kwemotokari uye nyaya dzemhando yemhepo, kutora mota dzemagetsi kunopa mhinduro inoshanda kune aya matambudziko.
Pamusoro pezvo, dhizaini yemagadzirirwo emotokari dzemagetsi inowedzera pakukwezva kwavo. Kuenzaniswa nemotokari dzeinjini dzekupisa, mota dzemagetsi dzine zvikamu zvishoma zvinofamba, zvimiro zviri nyore, uye kuderera kwekugadzirisa zvinodiwa. Iko kushandiswa kwe AC induction motors, iyo isingade kugadzirisa nguva dzose, inowedzera kuwedzera kushanda kwemotokari dzemagetsi. Uku kureruka kwekushanda uye kugadzirisa kunoita kuti mota dzemagetsi ive sarudzo inokwezva kune vatengi vari kutsvaga kusanetsekana kwekutyaira ruzivo.
Pasinei nekunakirwa kwakajeka kwemotokari dzemagetsi, indasitiri inotarisana nematambudziko makuru mukusimudzira kugamuchirwa. Mamiriro emakwikwi, kunyanya kuwanda kwemotokari dzemagetsi dzinodhura kubva kuChina, kwakawedzera kudzvanywa kune vanogadzira mota dzepasirese. Sezvo makambani ari kuedza kuwana nzvimbo mumusika wemotokari yemagetsi, kudiwa kwemitemo yekutsigira uye kukurudzira kwave kuchiwedzera kukosha. Pasina kupindira kwehurumende, shanduko yemotokari dzemagetsi inogona kumira, ichitadzisa kufambira mberi kune ramangwana rakagadzikana.
Muchidimbu, kudanwa kwekukurudzira kwevatengi veEV kunopfuura kungofona kubva kuvatungamiriri veindasitiri; inhanho inodiwa kusimudzira yakagadzikana yemotokari ecosystem. Sezvo maEV ari kuramba achizivikanwa, hurumende dzinofanira kuziva kugona kwavo uye kupa rubatsiro runodiwa kukurudzira kutorwa kwevatengi. EVs 'mabhenefiti ezvakatipoteredza, kushanda nesimba, uye nyore kugadzirisa zvinovaita sarudzo ine simba yeramangwana rekufambisa. Nekudyara muEVs, tinogona kugadzira nzira yepasi rakachena, rine hutano tichiona kuti indasitiri yemotokari inobudirira munguva ino itsva yekuvandudza.
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Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-05-2024