Dambudziko re "kukwegura" kuri kwese kwese. Iye zvino ndiyo bhatiri rekari.
"Nhamba huru yemabhatiri matsva emotokari ichave nehondo yavo inopera mumakore masere anotevera, uye inokurumidzira kugadzirisa dambudziko rebhatiri." Nguva pfupi yadarika, Li Bin, Sachigaro naCo Sachigaro weNio, akanyevera kakawanda kuti kana iyi nyaya isingakwanisi kubatwa nemazvo, mitengo yemberi yakakura ichashandiswa kugadzirisa matambudziko anotevera.
Kune iyo Simba Bhatiri Musika, gore rino igore rinokosha. Muna 2016, nyika yangu yakaita kuti gore riripo kana makore masere kana 120,000-kilometer warranty yehurongwa hutsva hwemotokari mabhatiri emota. Mazuva ano, mabhatiri emota matsva esimba akatengwa mugore rekutanga rebumbiro riri kusvika kana kusvika kumagumo kweiyo waranti yehondo. Data rinoratidza kuti mumakore masere anotevera, huwandu hwemamwe mamiriyoni matsva emamiriyoni esimba rinopinda zvishoma nezvishoma kuti bhatiri rekutsiva.
Kune makambani emota anoda kuita bhizinesi bhatiri, uyu musika usarasikirwa.
Muna 1995, nyika yangu yekutanga simba idzva yakadzvanywa kubva pamutambo wegungano - bhazi rakachena emagetsi rinonzi "Yuanwang". Mumakore makumi maviri apfuura kubvira ipapo, iyo nyika yangu idzva idzva idzva maindasitiri yakagadzira zvishoma.
Nekuti ruzha rwakanyanya uye rwuri kunyanya kushanda mota, vashandisi havasati vakwanisa kunakidzwa nehuwandu hwenyika hwehondo dzeWaranant ye "Mwoyo" matsva emotokari - bhatiri. Dzimwe nzvimbo kana maguta kana makambani emotokari akagadzirawo simba hwehondo zviyero, zvakanyanya izvo zvinopa gore rimwe chete kana 100,000-makiromita waranti, asi simba rekusunga harisi rakasimba.
Yakanga isiri nguva ya2015 kuti kutengesa kwegore rangu kwegore negore kwakatanga kufumura Mako mazana matatu ezviuru, kuve simba idzva risingafarirwe. Uyezve, iyo Nyika inopa "mari chaiyo" mitezo yakadai seyakaipa simba esimba uye kusunungurwa kubva mukutenga mutero kusimudzira kukura kwesimba idzva, uye mapoka emota uye nzanga iri kushandawo pamwe chete.
Muna 2016, iyo National Yakabatanidzwa Power Battery Warranty Standard Stery yakasvika. Nguva yekuwaridza yemakore masere kana mazana maviri emakiromita akareba kupfuura matatu kana makore matatu kana makumi matanhatu emakiromita einjini. Mukupindura mutemo uye kubva mukufunga kwekuwedzera kutengesa kutsva, mamwe makambani emota akatambanudza nguva yemakiromita kusvika mazana maviri nemakumi matatu emakiromita kana kunyange hupenyu hwese warandi. Izvi zvakaenzana nekupa vatengi vanoda kutenga mota itsva simba rekuti "kusimbiswa".
Kubva ipapo, musika weNyika idzva racho wakapinda padanho rekukura-kukurumidza kukura, neyekupedzisira motokari dzegore neyesere.
Zvinoenderana, kubva 2025 kusvika 2032, huwandu hwemotokari nyowani dzesimba neyekuparwa bhatiri rinoperawo rinowedzera gore rimwe nerimwe, kubva kune makumi matatu nemakumi matatu emazana kusvika ku7,33 miriyoni. Li bin akataura kuti kutanga gore rinouya, vashandisi vanosangana nematambudziko akadai seyakagadzirwa simba kunze-kwe-waranti
Ichi chiitiko chichava pachena mumatavi ekutanga emotokari nyowani. Panguva iyoyo, tekinoroji yebhatiri, maitiro ekugadzira, uye mushure mekutengesa masevhisi aive asina kukwana zvakakwana, zvichikonzera kugadzikana kwevarombo. Vanotenderedza 2017, nhau dzeimba dzeSimba rakamubirwa imwe mushure meimwe. Nyaya yekuchengetedza bhatiri yave iri honzeri inopisa muindasitiri uye yakakanganisa chivimbo chevatengi pakutenga mota nyowani.
Parizvino, zvinowanzotendwa muindasitiri kuti hupenyu hwebhatiri kazhinji munenge makore 3-5, uye hupenyu hwebasa remotokari rinowanzodarika makore mashanu. Iyo bhatiri ndiyo chikamu chinonyanya kukosha chemotokari nyowani, kazhinji accounting kweanenge makumi matatu muzana yemutengo wakazara wemotokari.
Nio inopa seti yemutengo wekutengesa mushure mekutengesa-kutengesa mabhatiri emabheti emamwe matsva emotokari. Semuenzaniso, bhatiri kugona kwemhando yakachena yemagetsi kodhi-anonzi "a" ndeye 96.1kwh, uye bhatiri mutengo wakakwira wakakwira se33,000 Yuan. Kwemhando mbiri dzakawedzera-mhando nebhatiri kugona kweanoda kusvika 40KWH, iyo bhatiri mutengo unopfuura anopfuura 80,000 Yuan. Kunyangwe emhando dzehybrid ine simba emagetsi pasina inopfuura 30kwh, iyo bhatiri kutsiva mutengo uri padyo ne60,000 Yuan.
"Mamwe marudzi kubva kune vanogadzira vane hushamwari vakamhanya makiromita 1 emamiriyoni, asi mabhatiri matatu akakanganisika," Bhini Li akadaro. Mari yekutsiva mabhatiri matatu yakadarika mutengo wemota pachayo.
Kana mutengo wekutsiva bhatiri unoshandurwa kuva makumi matanhatu emadhora Yuan, ipapo mamirioni matsva emotokari ine battery ichapera mumakore masere ichagadzira mutsva weTrillion-dhora remadhora. Kubva kumusoro mangoza miganho yemugodhi kusvika pasi pemakambani ebrows buttery kusvika pasi uye mitezo yemotokari uye mushure mekutengesa-vatengesi vepashure, vese vanozobatsirwa neizvi.
Kana makambani achida kuwana yakawanda yeiyo pie, ivo vanofanirwa kukwikwidza kuti vaone kuti ndiani anogona kugadzira bhatiri idzva rinogona kutora zviri nani "moyo" yevatengi.
Mumakore masere anotevera, vangangosvika mamirioni makumi maviri mabhatiri anozopinda mutero wekutsiva. Buttery makambani nemakambani emota zvese zvaunoda kubata iyi "bhizinesi".
Sezvakaita nzira yakasarudzika kune itsva simba rekusimudzira, makambani mazhinji akataurawo kuti tekinoroji mistolls simbi simbi, ternary lithium manganese phosphate, hafu-yakasimba nyika, uye mamiriro ese akasimba. Panguva ino, lithium iron phosphate uye ternary lithium mabhatiri ndiwo mainini, accounting yeanenge 99% yehuwandu hwakazara.
Parizvino, iyo indasitiri yenyika yakajairwa Battery fritenuation haigone kupfuura nguva yehondo, uye inoda kuti kuwedzere kukonzeresa 80% mushure megumi nemabhadharo emahara uye kuraswa matanho.
Nekudaro, mukushandisa chaiko, zvakaoma kuzadzisa ichi chinodiwa nekuda kwemhedzisiro yekudziya kwekudziya uye kupisa kwakanyanya kuchirisa uye kurasa. Data rinoratidza kuti parizvino, mabhatiri mazhinji ane makumi manomwe muzana ehutano panguva yehondo. Kamwe bhatiri Hutano hwakadonha pazasi 70%, kuita kwayo kuchadonhedza zvakanyanya, ruzivo rwemushandisi ruchanganiswa zvikuru, uye matambudziko ekuchengetedza achamuka.
Sekureva kwaWeilai, kuderera kwehupenyu hwebhatiri kunonyanya kuve nehukama hwemotokari. Vamwe varapi vakataura kuti vashandisi vazhinji vevashandisi veperwedzo nhasi vakajaira kushandisa mari yekubhadhara simba rekuzadza, asi kushandiswa kwekuwedzera kwekukurumidza kuchembera kuchembera uye kupfupisa hupenyu hwebhatiri.
Li Bin anotenda kuti 2024 inguva yakakosha kwazvo nguva. "Izvo zvinodikanwa kuti udzore hurongwa hwebhatiri huri nani hwekushandiswa kwevashandisi, iyo indasitiri yose, uye nenharaunda yese."
Kusvika pakuvandudzwa kwazvino kweTekinoroji yebhatiri kunonetsekana, marongero emabhatiri ehupenyu hwakareba zvakanyanya kukodzera kumusika. Iyo inonzi yakareba-yehupenyu bhatiri, zvakare inozivikanwa se "Battery isingafari", kunyanya maruva emari yeThebon. Ndokunge, iyo yakanaka electrode zvinyorwa zvinowedzerwa ne "lithium inozadza mumiririri", uye zvinhu zvisina kunaka zveElectrode zvinoitwa naSilicon.
Iyo indasitiri izwi rekuti "silicon doping uye lithium kudzoreredzwa". Vamwe vaongorori vakataura kuti panguva yekuchaja simba resimba rutsva, kunyanya kana kurohwa nekukurumidza kunowanzoshandiswa, "Lithium Kunyudza" kuchaitika, ndiko kuti, lithium yakarasika. Lithium kuwedzera kunogona kuwedzera hupenyu hwebheti, nepo silicon doping inogona kupfupisa bhatiri nekukurumidza kuraira nguva.
Muchokwadi, makambani akakodzera ari kushanda nesimba kuvandudza hupenyu hwebhatiri. Musi waMarch 14, Nio akabudisa zano rayo rekureba kwenguva refu betrate. Pamusangano, Nio akaunza kuti iyo 150kwh Ultra-yakakwira Enterity Bettery system yakagadziriswa ine simba rekuwedzera kweanopfuura 50% uchiramba uine vhoriyamu yakafanana. Mwaka wadarika, Weilii et7 yakagadzirirwa neiyo 150-degree bhatiri yekuedzwa chaiko, uye iyo CLT Butter Hupenyu Hupenyu hwakadarika 1,000 makiromita.
Mukuwedzera, Nio akagadzirawo 100KWH yakapfava-yakachekwa CTP Cell yekupisa-tsika yebhasti Iyo yakagadziriswa yakakura cylindrical bhatiri neyekupedzisira kupokana kwemukati me1,6 ine 5C kubhengi kugona uye kunogona kutora kusvika ku255km pane imwe yemaminitsi mashanu.
Nio akataura zvichienderana neiyo bhatiri rekutsiva, hupenyu hwebhatiri hunogona kuchengetedzwa 80% hutano mushure memakore gumi nemaviri, izvo zvakakwira kupfuura maindasitiri e7% hutano mumakore manomwe. Zvino, Nio ari kushamwaridzana naCatl kuti abatanidzwe nemabatiro akareba, nechinangwa chekuve nehutano hwehutano hwehupamhi hwegumi nemasere kana hupenyu hwebhatiri hunopera mumakore gumi nemashanu.
Asati Azvi, Catl akazivisa muna 2020 kuti yakanga yavandudza "Zero Attenuation Bhatiri" iyo inogona kuwana zero kufarirwa mukati megumi nemazana mashanu. Maererano nevanhu vaiziva nyaya yacho, bhatiri rave richishandiswa mumapurojekiti ekuchengetedza simba, asi hapana nhau dziri mumunda wetsva idzva vafambi vechikepe.
Munguva ino, Catl uye Zhiji mota pamwero wakavaka masimba ekugadzira "Silicon-DEBLEGE BYHETIONS" yemazana emakiromita emakiromita, uye densiti yebhatiri inogona kusvika 300WH / KG.
Vanhu vazhinji uye kukwidziridzwa kwehupenyu hurefu mabhatiri ane kukosha kwemakambani emotokari, vashandisi vatsva veimba uye kunyange indasitiri yese.
Chekutanga pane zvese, kwemakambani emota uye vagadziri vebhatiri, zvinowedzera chipenga chekutengesa muhondo yekuisa bhatiri standard. Chero ani angagona kukudziridza kana kushandisa mabhatiri ekureba ekutanga achazotaurazve uye anogaramo misika yakawanda. Kunyanya makambani anofarira bhatiri rekutsiva rinotsiva rinotonyanya kushuvira.
Sezvo isu tese tinoziva, nyika yangu haisati yaumba bhatiri rakabatanidzwa Modular Standard panguva ino. Parizvino, tekinoroji yekutsiva ndiyo tekinoroji ndiyo piyona yemiedzo yePizi yePases Battery Standalization. Xin Guobin, mushumiri wemushumiri weTekinamo uye ruzivo rwechinyorwa, akajekesa munaJune gore rakapfuura zvekuti aizozvidzidza uye kusimudzira kubatana kwebhatiri, battery swap interface, kutaurirana protocols uye mamwe maitiro. Izvi hazvingakurudzire kungochinja uye kuwanda kwemabhatiri, asiwo kunobatsira kuderedza mari yekugadzira uye kugadzirisa zvinobudirira.
Mabhizinesi ekusarudza kuti ave akajaira setter mubhatiri kutsiva musika arikukurudzira zvavari kuita. Kutora nio semuenzaniso, zvichibva pakuvhiya uye kuronga kwebhatiri data hombe, nio yakawedzera kutenderera kwehupenyu uye kukosha kwemabhatiri mune iripo system. Izvi zvinounza nzvimbo yekugadziriswa kwemutengo weBaas bhatiri renji. Mune itsva Baas Battery Rental Service, iyo Battery Battery Pired Mutengo wakadzikira kubva 980 yuan kusvika ku728 Yuan parizi yakagadziriswa kubva 1,680 yuan kusvika 1,128 yuan pamwedzi.
Vamwe vanhu vanotenda kuti kuvakwa kwekushandira kwesimba kwesimba pakati pevaridzi vari mumutsara negwara rezvemativi.
Nio mutungamiri ari mumunda webhatiri swaping. Gore rapfuura, Weilai apinda muBattery yenyika kutsiva standard "sarudza imwe kubva ina". Parizvino, Nio akavaka uye akashanda anopfuura mazana maviri nemakumi matatu emazana matanhatu emusika musika, uye akakwezva hangan, gec, jac uye mamwe makambani emota kuti abatanidze bhatiri. Sekureva kwemishumo, iyo Battery yeNio inoshanduka-shandura zviuru makumi manomwe zvebhatiri nezuva nezuva, uye muna Kurume gore rino, rakapa vashandisi vane mamirioni makumi mana emamiriyoni swops.
Kuvhura nio kwehupenyu hurefu nekukurumidza kunogona kubatsira chinzvimbo charo mune iyo swap Sktu Sktray inowedzera kugadzikana, uye inogona zvakare kuwedzera uremu hwayo mukuita chiyero chebhatiri swaps. Panguva imwecheteyo, kukurumbira kwehupenyu hurefu mabhatiri anozobatsira mabrambers anowedzera mari yavo. "Mukati ikati," Mabhatiri mazhinji ehupenyu haanyanyo anoshandiswa mune yakakwirira-magumo zvigadzirwa. "
Kune vatengi, kana mabhatiri marefu ari mitezo mikuru uye akaiswa mumotokari, ivo kazhinji havadi kubhadhara bhatiri nguva, vachiziva zvechokwadi "hupenyu hwakaenzana hwemota uye bhatiri." Inogona zvakare kutariswa seyako kudzora mari yekutsiva mari.
Kunyangwe ichisimbiswa mune idzva resimba mota waranti yebhuku kuti bhatiri rinogona kutsiviwa mahara panguva yeWarrantynant nguva. Nekudaro, munhu anoziva nezvenyaya yacho akataura kuti yechipiri bhatiri yekutsiva inoenderana nemamiriro ezvinhu. "Mumamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo, kutsiva kwemahara hakuwanzo kupihwa, uye kutsiva kucharambwa nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana." Semuenzaniso, imwe mhando yemhando isina-waranti scope, imwe yeiyo "kushandiswa kwemotokari" panguva yekuita, iyo bhatiri discharge huwandu kumusoro kwebhokisi rakarumurwa. "
Kubva pane ino maonero, mabhatiri emaronda marefu ave basa rinogona. Asi kana zvichazopururirwa pamwero mukuru, nguva yacho haisati yatemwa. Mushure mezvose, munhu wese anogona kutaura nezve dzidziso yetsika dzeSilicon-Dishium Lithium-risingazivikanwe, asi iyo ichiri kuda kuongororwa uye pane-bhodhi yekuyedza isati yatengerira. "Kutenderera kwekuvandudza kwehunyanzvi hwekutanga-kwechizvarwa chebhatiri kunotora makore maviri," akadaro indasitiri.
Kutumira Nguva: Kubvumbi-13-2024