"Kiromita imwe pasekondi uye kutyaira kwemakiromita mazana maviri mushure memaminitsi mashanu ekuchaja." Musi waKukadzi 27, pa2024 Huawei China Digital Energy Partner Musangano, Huawei Digital Energy Technology Co., Ltd. (inozonzi "Huawei Digital Energy") yakaburitsa yakazara-yakatonhodzwa yemvura. chiitiko chekuchaja petueling ichokwadi." Sekureva kwechirongwa, Huawei Digital Energy ichavaka anopfuura zviuru zana Huawei akazara mvura-yakatonhodzwa supercharging mirwi mumaguta anopfuura mazana matatu nemakumi mana nemigwagwa mikuru munyika yose muna 2024 kugadzira "netiweki imwe yemaguta", "netiweki imwe yekumhanya zvakanyanya" uye "Gredhi rimwe remagetsi". "Kushamwaridzana" kuchaja network. Sezvineiwo, Huawei akaburitsa yakazara mvura-yakatonhorera supercharger chigadzirwa kutanga kwaGumiguru gore rapfuura, uye apedza kurongeka kwemasaiti akawanda ekuratidzira kusvika zvino.
Sezvineiwo, NIO yakazivisa zviri pamutemo mukupera kwegore rapfuura kuti yakaburitsa nyowani 640kW yakazara mvura-yakatonhodzwa yekupedzisira-yekukurumidza kuchaja murwi. Murwi wekuchajisa uyu une pfuti yekuchaja yakatonhodzwa nemvura inorema makirogiramu 2,4 chete uye ichaparurwa zviri pamutemo muna Kubvumbi gore rino. Kusvika parizvino, vanhu vazhinji vakadana 2024 gore rekuputika kwemachaja emvura-akatonhorera. Nezve chinhu chitsva ichi, ndinofunga munhu wese achine mibvunzo yakawanda: Chii chaizvo chinonzi mvura-yakatonhorera overcharging? Ndezvipi zvakanakira zvayo zvakasiyana? Ko kutonhora kwemvura kuchava nzira huru yekusimudzira yekuchaja mune ramangwana?
01
Kuwedzera kushanda uye nekukurumidza kuchaja
"Kusvika pari zvino, hapana tsananguro yakabatana yeinonzi yakazara mvura-yakatonhorera supercharger." Wei Dong, injinjini paMicroelectronics Technology Laboratory yeXi'an University of Technology, akaudza mutori wenhau kubva kuChina Automotive News. Mukutaura kwe layman, yakazara mvura-yakatonhorera supercharger Pile kuchaja tekinoroji inoshandisa kutenderera kwemvura kukurumidza kubvisa kupisa kunogadzirwa panguva yekuchaja nezvinhu zvakakosha senge kuchaja mamodule, tambo, uye kuchaja misoro yepfuti. Inoshandisa pombi yemagetsi yakatsaurirwa kutyaira kuyerera kweinotonhorera, nekudaro ichibvisa kupisa uye ichibvumira midziyo yekuchaja kuchengetedza kushanda kwayo. Iyo inotonhodza mumirwi yakazara-yakatonhodzwa supercharged haisi mvura yakajairwa, asi kazhinji ine ethylene glycol, mvura, zvinowedzera uye zvimwe zvinhu. Kana iri chikamu, ndicho chakavanzika chehunyanzvi chekambani yega yega. Inotonhorera haingogone kugadzirisa kugadzikana uye kutonhora kwemvura, asi zvakare kuderedza ngura uye kukuvadzwa kwemidziyo. Iwe unofanirwa kuziva kuti nzira yekupisa kupisa inokanganisa zvakanyanya mashandiro emidziyo yekuchaja. Zvinoenderana nekuverenga kwemaoretiki, ikozvino kupisa kurasikirwa kweakawanda high-simba DC inokurumidza kuchaja mirwi ingangoita 5%. Pasina kunaka kwekupisa kwekupisa, hazvizongokurumidze kuchembera kwemidziyo, asi zvakare zvinotungamira kune yakakwira yekukundikana kwemidziyo yekuchaja.
Izvo chaizvo nerutsigiro rweiyo yakazara mvura kutonhora kupisa kupisa tekinoroji iyo simba remvura yakazara kutonhora yekuchaja mirwi yakakwira zvakanyanya kupfuura iyo yakajairwa yekuchaja mirwi. Semuenzaniso, Huawei's liquid-yakatonhorera supercharging murwi ine simba repamusoro re600kW, ichibvumira vashandisi kunakidzwa nekukasira kuchaja chiitiko che "kapu yekofi uye yakazara charge." "Kunyangwe zvazvino uye simba remachaja akatonhodzwa nemvura zvakazara zvakasiyana pari zvino, ese ane simba kudarika majaja akajairika uye ma supercharger." Zeng Xin, purofesa paYunivhesiti yeSainzi neTekinoroji Beijing, akaudza mutori wenhau kubva kuChina Automotive News, Parizvino, simba remirwi yakajairwa yekuchaja rinowanzo kutenderera 120kW, uye mirwi yakajairwa yekuchaja inosvika mazana matatu ezviuru. Simba remvura yakazara-yakatonhorera supercharging mirwi kubva kuHuawei neNIO inogona kusvika kusvika 600kW. Pamusoro pezvo, Huawei's yakazara-yakadzika-yakatonhorera supercharging murwi zvakare ine hungwaru yekuzivikanwa uye inogadzirisa gadziriso mabasa. Inogona kugadzirisa otomatiki simba rekubuda uye razvino zvinoenderana nechiyero chinodiwa chemabhatiri mapaketi emhando dzakasiyana, kuwana imwechete yekuchaja yekubudirira kusvika 99%.
"Kudziya kwemvura-yakatonhodzwa mirwi yakakura yakakonzerawo kusimukira kweindasitiri yese." Sekureva kwaHu Fenglin, muongorori paNew Energy Innovation Technology Center yeShenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, izvo zvinodikanwa kuti zvizadzise mvura-yakatonhodzwa mirwi ine supercharged inogona kukamurwa kuita Overcharging midziyo yemidziyo, general structural components, high-voltage fast kuchaja. zvinhu uye zvimwe zvikamu, zvinosanganisira zvine hungwaru zvinonzwa, silicon carbide machipisi, pombi dzemagetsi, zvinotonhorera, pamwe chete nemvura-yakatonhorera modules, yakazara mvura-yakatonhorera yekuchaja pfuti uye kuchaja Vazhinji vacho vane kuomarara kwekuita zvinodiwa uye mutengo wakakwira kupfuura izvo zvinoshandiswa. mumirwi yekuchaja yakajairika.
02
Hushamwari kushandisa, hurefu hwehupenyu kutenderera
Kuenzaniswa nemapiru ekuchaja akajairwa uye akajairwa anokurumidza / epamusoro ekuchaja mirwi, yakazara mvura-yakatonhodzwa super yekuchaja mirwi haingochaji nekukurumidza, asi zvakare ine zvakawanda zvakanaka. "Pfuti yekuchaja yeHuawei's full-cooled supercharger yakareruka, uye kunyangwe varidzi vemotokari dzechikadzi vane simba shoma vanogona kuishandisa zviri nyore, kusiyana nepfuti dzakambochaja dzaive dzakawanda." Zhou Xiang, muridzi wemotokari yemagetsi muChongqing, akadaro.
"Kushandiswa kweakateedzana matekinoroji matsva, zvishandiso zvitsva, uye pfungwa nyowani zvinopa zvakazara mvura-yakatonhodzwa supercharging mirwi izvo zvakajairwa kuchaja mirwi isingaenderane munguva yakapfuura." Hu Fenglin akataura kuti kune yakazara mvura-yakatonhodzwa supercharging piles, yazvino uye simba zvakanyanya Kukura zvinoreva kukurumidza kuchaja. Kazhinji, kupisa kwetambo yekuchaja kunoenzana neskweya yezvino. Iyo yakakura yekuchaja ikozvino, yakakura kupisa kwetambo. Kuti uderedze huwandu hwekupisa hunogadzirwa netambo uye kudzivirira kupisa, nzvimbo yekuyambuka-chikamu chewaya inofanirwa kuwedzerwa, zvinoreva kuti pfuti yekuchaja uye tambo yekuchaja inorema. Iyo yakazara mvura-yakatonhodzwa supercharger inogadzirisa dambudziko rekupisa kupisa uye inoshandisa tambo dzine madiki madiki-sectional nzvimbo kuti ive nechokwadi chekufambisa kwemafungu makuru. Naizvozvo, tambo dzeakazara mvura-yakatonhodzwa supercharging piles dzakatetepa uye dzakareruka kupfuura dzeyakajairika supercharging mirwi, uye pfuti dzekuchaja zvakareruka. Semuyenzaniso, pfuti yekuchaja yeNIO's full liquid-cooled supercharging piles inongorema 2.4 kilograms, inova yakareruka pane zvakajairika kuchaja mirwi. Murwi wacho wakareruka uye unounza zvirinani mushandisi ruzivo, kunyanya kune vakadzi varidzi vemotokari, iyo iri nyore kushandisa.
"Chakanakira chemvura-yakatonhodzwa supercharging piles ndechekuti dzakachengeteka." Wei Dong akataura kuti munguva yakapfuura, mirwi yakawanda yekuchaja yaishandisa kutonhora kwechisikigo, kutonhora kwemhepo uye dzimwe nzira, izvo zvaida maburi emhepo munzvimbo dzakakodzera dzemurwi wekuchaja, izvo zvakazokonzeresa kuti Mhepo yakasanganiswa neguruva, kunyangwe zvimedu zvesimbi, munyu wakapfava. uye mhute yemvura inopinda mukati memurwi wekuchaja uye inoshambadzirwa pamusoro pezvikamu zvemagetsi, zvichitungamira kumatambudziko akadai sekuderedzwa kwemaitiro ekuisa hurongwa, kusabvisa kupisa kwakashata, kuderedzwa kwekuchaja, uye kupfupisa hupenyu hwemidziyo. Kusiyana neizvi, iyo yakazara mvura yekutonhodza nzira inokwanisa kuvharika kuzere, kunatsiridza insulation uye chengetedzo, uye kugonesa murwi wekuchaja kuti usvike padanho repamusoro rekudzivirira huruva uye kusapinda kwemvura kuita kwakatenderedza yepasirese yemagetsi standard IP65, ine kuvimbika kwepamusoro. Zvakare, mushure mekusiya dhizaini yemhepo-yakatonhodzwa yakawanda-fan, ruzha rwekushanda kwemurwi wekuchajisa wakadzikira zvakanyanya, kubva pamadecibel makumi manomwe pamurwi wekuchaja wakatonhodzwa nemhepo kusvika kumadecibel makumi matatu, ari pedyo nekazevezeve. , kudzivisa kudiwa kwekuchaja nokukurumidza munzvimbo dzinogara vanhu kare. Paiva nemamiriro ezvinhu anonyadzisa ekunyunyuta nekuda kweruzha rukuru usiku.
Mari yakaderera yekushandisa uye mapfupi ekudzoreredza mutengo kutenderera ndeimwe yemabhenefiti emvura yakazara-yakatonhodzwa supercharged mirwi. Zeng Xin akataura kuti mirwi yekuchaja yakatonhodzwa nemhepo kazhinji haipfuure makore mashanu, asi nguva dzazvino dzekuchaja mashandiro echiteshi kazhinji makore masere kusvika gumi, zvinoreva kuti kudzoreredza kunodiwa panguva yekushanda. yechiteshi. Tsiva mudziyo wekutanga kuchaja. Hupenyu hwesevhisi yemvura-yakatonhorera yekuchaja mirwi inowanzopfuura makore gumi. Semuyenzaniso, dhizaini yehupenyu hweHuawei yakazara mvura-yakatonhodzwa super yekuchaja mirwi inodarika makore gumi nemashanu, iyo inogona kuvhara hupenyu hwese hwechiteshi. Uyezve, kana zvichienzaniswa nekuchaja mirwi uchishandisa mhepo-yakatonhodzwa modules inoda kugara ichivhurwa makabati ekubvisa guruva uye kugadzirisa, yakazara mvura-yakatonhorera yekuchaja mirwi inongoda kupeperetswa mushure mekunge guruva raungana muradiator yekunze, zvichiita kuti kugadzirisa kuve nyore.
Zvikatorwa pamwechete, mutengo wehupenyu huzere hwechaja yemvura-yakatonhodzwa yakadzikira pane yemidziyo yekuchaja yakatonhodzwa nemhepo. Nekushandisa uye kukwidziridzwa kweakazara mvura-yakatonhorera-yakachaja mirwi, iyo yakazara inodhura-inoshanda mabhenefiti anozowedzera kuoneka.
03
Musika une tarisiro yakajeka uye kukwikwidza kunopisa
Muchokwadi, nekuwedzera kunoramba kuchikwira kwehuwandu hwekupinda kwemotokari nyowani dzesimba uye nekukurumidza kusimudzira kwekutsigira zvivakwa zvakaita sekuchaja mirwi, yakazara-mvura-yakatonhorera supercharging mirwi yave chinangwa chemakwikwi muindasitiri. Mazhinji makambani emotokari dzemagetsi matsva, makambani ekuchaja mirwi, makambani etekinoroji, nezvimwewo atanga tsvakiridzo yetekinoroji uye kusimudzira uye marongero emvura-yakatonhodzwa supercharging mirwi.
Tesla ndiyo yekutanga kambani yemotokari muindasitiri iyi kuendesa mvura-yakatonhorera supercharging mirwi mumabhechi. Yayo V3 supercharging piles inotora yakazara-mvura-yakatonhorera dhizaini, mvura-yakatonhorera yekuchaja module uye mvura-yakatonhorera yekuchaja pfuti. Simba guru rekuchaja pfuti imwe chete i250kW. Zvinonzi Tesla yakaendesa zvishoma nezvishoma zviteshi zvitsva zveV4 zvakazara mvura-yakatonhorera kutenderera pasirese kubva gore rapfuura. Yekutanga yeAsia V4 supercharging station yakatangwa muHong Kong, China, muna Gumiguru gore rapfuura, uye ichakurumidza kupinda mumusika mukuru. Zvinonzi iyo theoretical yekuchaja simba remurwi uyu wekuchaja i615kW, iyo yakaenzana nekuita kweHuawei uye NIO's yakazara-yakadzika-yakatonhorera supercharging piles. Zvinoita sekuti makwikwi emusika emvura-yakatonhodzwa ekuchaja mirwi atanga chinyararire.
"Kazhinji kutaura, machaja akazara-akatonhodzwa emvura ane simba rekuchaja, uye kugona kuchaja kunovandudzwa zvakanyanya, izvo zvinogona kudzikamisa kubhadharisa kwevashandisi." Mubvunzurudzo nemutori wenhau kubva kuChina Automotive News, akati, zvisinei, pari zvino yakazara mvura-yakatonhorera supercharger Kuwedzeredza mirwi kunogumira pachiyero chekushandisa, zvichikonzera kukwira kwemitengo. Uyezve, sezvo kubhadharisa kwesimba-yakakwirira kunoda kukwidziridza simba rekuchengetedza bhatiri uye kuwedzera mota voltage papuratifomu, mutengo uchawedzerawo ne15% kusvika 20%. Pakazere, kuvandudzwa kwehunyanzvi hwekuchaja tekinoroji kunoda kutariswa kwakadzama kwezvinhu zvakaita sekuchengetedza kuchengetedza kwemotokari, kuzvidzora kwakazvimiririra kweakakwira-voltage zvishandiso, uye mutengo. Iyi inhanho-ne-nhanho maitiro.
"Mutengo wepamusoro wemvura-yakatonhodzwa supercharging piles ndechimwe chezvipingamupinyi zvinokanganisa kusimudzirwa kwayo kukuru." Hu Fenglin akataura kuti mutengo uripo wega wega Huawei supercharging murwi ungangoita mazana matanhatu emakumi matanhatu yuan. Panguva ino, mabhizinesi madiki uye epakati anowanzo kuita bhizinesi rekuchaja Zvinenge zvakaoma kukwikwidza. Nekudaro, mune tarisiro yenguva refu yebudiriro, nekuwedzera kwezvikumbiro uye kuderedzwa kwemitengo, akawanda mabhenefiti emvura-yakatonhodzwa supercharges mirwi inozove yakakurumbira zvishoma nezvishoma. Iko kuomarara kudiwa kwevashandisi uye musika wekuchengetedza, wakakwira-kumhanya uye nekukurumidza kuchaja kuchaunza nzvimbo yakafara yekuvandudza kweakazara-yakadzika-yakatonhorera supercharging mirwi.
Chirevo chetsvagurudzo chechangobva kuitika chakaburitswa neCICC chakaratidza kuti kutonhora kwemvura kuwedzeredza kunofambisa kukwidziridzwa kwemaindasitiri, uye saizi yemusika wepamba inotarisirwa kusvika kusvika mabhiriyoni mapfumbamwe eyuan muna 2026. Inofambiswa nemakambani emotokari, makambani emagetsi, nezvimwe. pakutanga yaitarisira kuti huwandu hwedzimba dzemvura-yakatonhorera supercharging zviteshi zvichasvika 45,000 muna 2026.
Zeng Xin akataurawo kuti muna 2021, pamusika wepamba pachange paine isingasviki gumi modhi inotsigira kuwandisa; muna 2023, pachava nemhando dzinopfuura 140 dzinotsigira kubhadharisa, uye kuchava nezvimwe mune ramangwana. Uku hakusi kungoratidza kwechokwadi kwekukurumidza kwekushanda kwevanhu uye hupenyu mukuzadza simba remotokari itsva dzemagetsi, asi zvakare zvinoratidza budiriro yekuda kwemusika. Nekuda kweizvi, tarisiro yekusimudzira yemvura-yakatonhorera-yakanyanya-kuchaja mirwi inovimbisa.
Nguva yekutumira: Mar-15-2024