01
Chengetedzo kutanga, nyaradzo yechipiri
Zvigaro zvemota zvinonyanya zvinosanganisira akawanda akasiyana marudzi ezvikamu zvakaita semafuremu, zvimiro zvemagetsi, uye zvivharo zvefuro. Pakati pavo, chigaro chechigaro ndicho chinonyanya kukosha chikamu chekuchengetedza chigaro chemotokari. Zvakafanana neskeleton yemunhu, inotakura foam yechigaro, chivharo, zvikamu zvemagetsi, zvikamu zvepurasitiki nezvimwe zvikamu zvakafanana ne "nyama neropa". Icho zvakare chikamu chepakati chinotakura mutoro, inotumira torque uye inowedzera kugadzikana.
Iyo LIL mota dzakatevedzana zvigaro zvinoshandisa imwechete papuratifomu furemu seBBA, mota yemhando yepamusoro, uye Volvo, mhando inozivikanwa nekuchengetedzeka kwayo, ichiisa hwaro hwakanaka hwekuchengetedza chigaro. Kuita kwema skeletons aya kuri nani, asi hongu mutengo wakakwira zvakare. Iyo LI chigaro chemotokari R&D timu inotenda kuti zvakakodzera kubhadhara mutengo wepamusoro kuti uve nechokwadi chekuchengetedza chigaro. Tinofanirwawo kupa dziviriro inosimbisa kune vatinogara kunyangwe kwatisingaone.
"Kunyangwe OEM yega yega yave kuvandudza kunyaradza kwezvigaro, uye LI yakaita basa rakanakisa mune izvi, isu tagara tichiziva kuti pane kumwe kupokana kwechisikigo pakati pekuchengetedza nekunyaradza, uye isu tinoda zvese Dhizaini inofanirwa kunge yakavakirwa pakuchengetedza, uyezve funga kunyaradza," akadaro Zhixing.
Akatora anti-submarine chimiro chechigaro semuenzaniso. Sezvinoratidzwa nezita racho, basa remaitiro e-anti-submarine nderokuderedza ngozi yebhanhire rechigaro rinotsvedza kubva munzvimbo yepelvic richienda mudumbu reanogara kana kudhumhana kunoitika, zvichiita kuti kusvina kukanganisa kunhengo dzomukati. Izvi zvinonyanya kubatsira kuvakadzi uye nhengo diki dzevashandi, avo vanogona kunyura nekuda kwehukuru hwavo uye huremu.
Mune mamwe mazwi, "Apo motokari inosangana nekukonana, muviri wemunhu uchaenda mberi pachigaro nekuda kwe inertia uye unonyura pasi panguva imwe chete. Panguva ino, kana pane danda rinorwisa-submarine pachigaro kuti ribate matako, rinogona kudzivirira matako kufamba zvakanyanya "
Zhixing akati, "Tinoziva kuti dzimwe mota dzeJapan dzichaisa matanda emutsetse wepiri-anti-submarine matanda akadzikira zvakanyanya, kuitira kuti furo riite gobvu uye kukwira kunenge kwakanyatsogadzikana, asi kuchengetedzwa kunofanirwa kukanganiswa. Uye kunyangwe chigadzirwa cheLI chinotarisawo kunyaradza, hachizokanganisa kuchengeteka. "
Chokutanga pane zvose, takanyatsofunga nezvesimba rakagadzirwa apo motokari yose yakabonderana, uye takasarudza EPP yakakura-yakakura (Yakawedzerwa polypropylene, rudzi rutsva rwepurasitiki yefuro ine basa rakanaka) sekutsigira. Isu takadzokorora kugadzirisa EPP mumataundi akawanda panguva yekuzoongororwa. Iyo dhizaini chinzvimbo, kuoma, uye density inodiwa kuti isangane neiyo crash test performance zvinodiwa. Zvadaro, takabatanidza kunyaradzwa kwechigaro kuti tipedze kugadzirwa kwechimiro uye dhizaini yezvimiro, kuve nechokwadi chekuchengetedzwa uku uchipa nyaradzo.
Mushure mekunge vashandisi vakawanda vatenga motokari itsva, vanowedzera zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvekushongedza uye zvekudzivirira kumotokari yavo, kunyanya zvivharo zvezvigaro kuchengetedza zvigaro kubva pakupfeka uye mavara. Zhixing inoda kuyeuchidza vashandisi vazhinji kuti nepo mavhavha ezvigaro achiunza nyore, anogona kuunza njodzi dzekuchengetedza. "Kunyange zvazvo chifukidziro chechigaro chiri chinyoro, chinoparadza chimiro chechimiro chechigaro, izvo zvinogona kuita kuti hutungamiri uye ukuru hwesimba kune vagari vemo vashanduke kana motokari inosangana nekukonana, kuwedzera ngozi yekukuvara. Dambudziko guru nderokuti chigaro Chifukidzo chechigaro chichakanganisa kushandiswa kwemhepo, saka zvinokurudzirwa kuti usashandise zvivharo zvechigaro. "
Zvigaro zveLi Auto zvakanyatso nyatso nyatso simbiswa kuti usarambe kupfeka kuburikidza nekupinza uye kutumira kunze kwenyika, uye hapana kana dambudziko nekupfeka kuramba. "Kunyaradza kwezvivharo zvezvigaro kazhinji hazvina kunaka sematehwe echokwadi, uye kuramba kwemavara hakuna kukosha pane kuchengeteka." Shitu, munhu anotarisira tekinoroji yezvigaro, akati semushandi weR&D wezvigaro, anoshandisa mota yake mavhavha eSeat haazoshandiswi.
Pamusoro pekupfuura kuchengetedzeka uye kutariswa kwekuita mukati memitemo ine zvibodzwa zvakakwirira, isu tichafungawo mamwe akakosha mamiriro ekushanda anosangana nevashandisi mukushandiswa chaiko, senge mamiriro apo kune vanhu vatatu mumutsara wechipiri. "Tichashandisa maviri 95th percentile fake Munhu (95% yevanhu vari mumhomho idiki pane saizi iyi) uye 05 dummy (female dummy) inoteedzera chiitiko umo varume vaviri vakareba nemukadzi (mwana) vakagara mumutsara wekumashure. Kuwanda kwakawanda, mukana wavo wekugara wakatarisana. Zvinodiwa zvesimba remacheya zvakatowanda. "
"Kune mumwe muenzaniso, kana kuseri kwemashure kwakapetwa pasi, uye sutukesi inowira yakananga kuchigaro chemberi kumashure kana mota ichidhumhana, simba rechigaro rakasimba zvakakwana kutsigira chigaro pasina kukuvadzwa kana kukonzeresa kukuvadzwa kukuru? kuchinjika, zvichiisa mungozi kuchengetedzeka kwemutyairi uye co-pilot. Izvi zvinofanirwa kusimbiswa netrunk kudhumhana kwepasirese chiyero cheiyo chigaro cheAmerican cheyedzo. bvunzo iyi isu chete nevaya vanonyanya kutarisisa kuchengetedzeka kwemakambani eMota seVolvo ndivo vachange vachizvida.
02
Zvigadzirwa-level zvigadzirwa zvinofanirwa kupa flagship-level chengetedzo
Masayendisiti ekuAmerica akaongorora mazana etsaona dzemotokari dzakakonzera kufa kwevatyairi ndokuona kuti pasina kusunga mabhande ezvigaro, zvinongotora masekonzi 0,7 chete kuti motokari inofamba makiromita 88 paawa irove nekuuraya mutyairi.
Mabhandi ezvigaro ndiwo anoraramisa. Zvava kuzivikanwa nevakawanda kuti kutyaira usina mabhandi ezvigaro kune ngozi uye kusiri pamutemo, asi mabhandi ekumashure haasati awanzofuratirwa. Mumushumo muna 2020, kaputeni wemapurisa emuHangzhou anomhanya-mhanya akataura kuti kubva mukuferefeta nekumhan'ara, chiyero chevapfuuri vakapfeka mabhandi echigaro chaive pasi pe30%. Vazhinji vafambi vezvigaro zvekumashure vakati vaisamboziva kuti vaifanira kupfeka mabhandi ekumashure.
Kuitira kuyeuchidza varimo kuti vasunge mabhandi ezvigaro, panowanzova nechiyeuchidzo chebhandi rechigaro SBR (Safety Belt Reminder) mumutsara wepamberi wemotokari. Isu tinonyatsoziva kukosha kwemabhandi ekumashure uye tinoda kuyeuchidza mhuri yose kuchengetedza ruzivo rwekuchengetedza nguva dzose, saka takaisa SBRs mumutsara wekutanga, wechipiri uye wechitatu. "Chero bedzi vafambi vari mumutsara wechipiri nechitatu vasingapfeki mabhandi ezvigaro, mutyairi wechigaro chemberi anogona kuyeuchidza vafambi vekumashure kuti vasunge mabhandi avo vasati vasimuka," akadaro Gao Feng, mukuru wezvekuchengetedza mudhipatimendi recockpit.
Iyo bhandi rekuchengetedza matatu-point ikozvino rinoshandiswa muindasitiri rakagadzirwa naVolvo engineer Niels Bolling muna 1959. Yakavepo kusvika nhasi. Bhandi rakazara rekuchengetedza rinosanganisira retractor, kureba inogadzirisa, yekuvhara bhandi, uye PLP pretensioner. mudziyo. Pakati pavo, iyo retractor uye kukiya inodiwa, nepo kureba inogadzirisa uye PLP pretensioning mudziyo inoda yakawedzerwa mari nebhizinesi.
PLP pretensioner, zita rakazara pyrotechnic lap pretensioner, iro rinogona kududzirwa sezvariri se pyrotechnic belt pretensioner. Basa rayo nderekutungidza nekuputitsa pakaitika kudhumhana, kusimbisa bhandi rechigaro uye kudhonza matako nemakumbo eanogara pachigaro.
Gao Feng akazivisa kuti: "Mune zvose zviri zviviri mutyairi mukuru uye mutyairi wemotokari yeIdeal L motokari yakatevedzana, takaisa PLP preload midziyo, uye iri mu 'double preload' mode, kureva, chiuno chepamberi uye kurongedzerwa kwepfudzi. Kana kupesana kunoitika, chinhu chekutanga ndechekusimbisa mafudzi kugadzirisa torso yepamusoro pachigaro, wozosimbisa chiuno kuti ugadzirise chiuno chemunhu uye makumbo ari nani pakugadzirisa chiuno uye makumbo ari nani pakugadzirisa chiuno. mauto maviri asati aomesa mumativi maviri Ipa dziviriro.
"Tinotenda kuti zvigadzirwa zvemhando yepamusoro zvinofanirwa kupa mureza-level airbag masisitimu, saka ivo havakurudzirwe sekutarisa." Gao Feng akataura kuti Li Auto akaita tsvakiridzo yakawanda uye basa rekusimudzira kusimudzira maererano nekusarudzwa kweairbag. Iwo akateedzana anouya akajairwa nemaairbag epadivi emberi neyechipiri mitsara, pamwe nemhando-yemhando maketeni emhepo anoenda kumutsara wechitatu, kuve nechokwadi 360 ° kuchengetedzwa kwese-kutenderera kune vari mukati memotokari.
Pamberi pechigaro chevatyairi cheLi L9, pane 15.7-inch mota-giredhi OLED skrini. Iyo yechinyakare airbag deployment nzira haigone kusangana ne passive kuchengetedza zvinodiwa zvemotokari airbag deployment. Li Auto's yekutanga patent yevatakuri airbag tekinoroji, kuburikidza neyakadzama yekutanga tsvakiridzo nekusimudzira uye inodzokororwa bvunzo, inogona kuve nechokwadi chekuti mutyairi akadzivirirwa zvizere kana airbag inotumira uye inova nechokwadi chekutendeseka kwechiratidziro chevatyairi kudzivirira kukuvara kwechipiri.
Iwo eparutivi maairbags eIdeal L akatevedzana modhi akagadzirwa zvine hunyanzvi. Pahwaro hwema airbags echinyakare, mativi acho anowedzera kuwedzera, achibvumira bhegi repamberi uye machira emhepo eparutivi kuti aite 90 ° annular kudzivirira, achigadzira zviri nani kutsigirwa uye kudzivirira musoro. , kudzivirira vanhu kuti vasatsvedza mumukana uri pakati peairbag nemusuwo. Muchiitiko chekudhumhana kudiki, zvisinei kuti musoro wemugari unotsvedza sei, ichagara iri mukati mekudzivirira kweiyo airbag, ichipa kudzivirira kuri nani.
"Kudzivirirwa kwemaketeni emaketeni emhepo yeparutivi yeIdeal L series model yakakwana. Maketeni emhepo anovhara pazasi pechiuno chegonhi uye anovhara girazi rose remusuwo kuti ave nechokwadi chekuti musoro nemuviri weanogara hazvirove chero mukati memukati wakaoma, uye panguva imwechete kudzivirira Musoro weanogara wakarerekera kure zvakanyanya kuti uderedze kukuvara kumutsipa. "
03
Kwakabva mashoko akatanhamara: Tinganzwira urombo sei pasina ruzivo rwokuzviwanira pachedu?
Pony, injinjiniya anoshanda mukudzivirira kwevagari, anotenda kuti kukurudzira kwekuongorora zvakadzama kunobva mukurwadziwa kwemunhu. "Takaona nyaya dzakawanda dzine chokuita nekuchengetedzwa kwezvigaro, umo vashandisi vakakuvadzwa mukukonana. Kubva pane zvakaitika muupenyu izvi, tichafunga nezvekuti zvinokwanisika here kuti tidzivise tsaona dzakafanana uye kana zvichiita kuti tiite zviri nani kudarika mamwe makambani. "
"Kana yangove yakabatana nehupenyu, zvese zvinongedzo zvinova chiitiko chakakosha, chakakodzera kutariswa ne200% uye zvakanyanya kushanda nesimba." Zhixing akati nezve seams yechigaro chivharo. Sezvo airbag yakaiswa pachigaro, yakanyatsobatana nefuremu uye pamusoro. Kana mashizha akabatanidzwa, tinoda kupfavisa seams pamakumbo akatarisana uye tishandise tambo dzisina simba dzekusona kuitira kuti seams idimbuke pakarepo kana yakaputika kuti tive nechokwadi chokuti airbags inogona kuputika panguva yakatarwa uye kona nenzira yakarurama yakagadzirwa. Iyo foamed splash haifanire kudarika chiyero, uye inofanirwa kupfava zvakakwana pasina kukanganisa chitarisiko uye kushandiswa kwemazuva ese. Kune isingaverengeki mienzaniso yekuzvitsaurira uku kune hunyanzvi mune zvakadzama mubhizinesi iri rose.
Pony akaona kuti shamwari zhinji dzakamukomberedza dzakaona zvichinetsa kuisa zvigaro zvekuchengetedza vana uye vaisada kuzviisa, asi izvi zvaizokanganisa zvakanyanya kuchengetedzwa kwevana vadiki mumotokari. "Kuitira izvi, tinogadzirira mitsara yechipiri neyechitatu yeSOFIX yekuchengetedza zvigaro zvekuchengetedza sechiyero kuti tipe nzvimbo yakachengeteka yekutasva kwevana. Vabereki vanongoda kuisa zvigaro zvevana mumutsara wechipiri uye kuzvisundira kumashure kuti nokukurumidza kupedza kuiswa. Takaita miedzo yakakura pakureba uye kuisa angle ye ISOFIX metal hooks, uye takasarudza zvinopfuura gumi nemaviri zvakawanikwa pamusika, uye kudzokorora zvigaro zvevana zvinowanzoitika uye kudzokorora zvigaro zvevana. nzira yekuisa iri nyore "Pony akawana kuisirwa kwevana vake. Zvigaro zvevana chiitiko chinotyisa chinoda kushanda nesimba zvekuti munhu anobuda ziya. Anodada zvakanyanya neyakagadziridzwa dhizaini yeISOFIX yekuchengetedza chigaro chepamusoro chechipiri neyechitatu mitsara.
Takashandawo nemhando dzezvigaro zvevana kugadzira basa rekukanganwa kwemwana - kana mwana angokanganwa mumota uye muridzi akiya mota oenda, mota inoridza sairini uye kusunda chiyeuchidzo kuburikidza neLi Auto App.
Whiplash ndechimwe chekukuvara kwakanyanya kunotsigirwa mutsaona yemotokari kumashure. Nhamba dzinoratidza kuti mu26% yekukonana kwemashure, misoro kana mitsipa yevatyairi nevafambi vachakuvadzwa. Tichifunga nezvekukuvadzwa kwe "whiplash" kumutsipa weanogara kunokonzerwa nekukonana kwemashure, boka rekuchengetedza rekudhumhana rakaitawo zvakawanda se 16 rounds yeFEA (finite element analysis) uye 8 kutenderera kwekuongorora kwepanyama kuongorora nekugadzirisa dambudziko rose duku. , Kupfuura makumi mashanu kutenderera kwechirongwa kutorwa kwakaitwa, kungoita kuti kukuvadzwa kwemushandisi wega wega panguva yekudhumhana kunogona kuderedzwa. Seat R&D engineer Feng Ge akati, "Panyaya yekudhumhana kwemashure kwakangoerekana kwaitika, zvinoti hazvisi nyore kuti musoro, chifuva, dumbu nemakumbo emunhu akuvare zvakanyanya, asi kunyangwe paine mukana wengozi, isu hatidi kuisiya."
Kuti udzivise "whiplash" njodzi dzekuchengetedza, Ideal inoomerera pakushandisa nzira mbiri dzemusoro. Nechikonzero ichi, haina kunzwisiswa nevamwe vashandisi uye inoonekwa se "yakasarudzika" zvakakwana.
Zhixing akatsanangura kuti: "Basa guru remusoro wepamusoro nderokudzivirira mutsipa. Kuti uvandudze nyaradzo, nzira ina yemusoro ine basa rekufamba mberi uye kumashure inowanzodzokera kumashure kuti iwedzere kukosha kwepakati shure kwemusoro uye kudarika mamiriro ekugadzira. Muchiitiko ichi, pakaitika kudhumhana, kudzivirira kwemusoro wepamusoro pamutsipa kunoderedzwa, uye kukuvara kwemutsipa uye mutengi kunowedzera mitsipa miviri. musoro kuti ugadziriswe panzvimbo yakachengeteka.
Vashandisi vanowanzo wedzera mitsipa mitsipa kune yavo yekumisa misoro kuitira kuti vanyatsogadzikana. "Izvo chaizvo zvine ngozi zvikuru. 'Whiplash' panguva yekurwisana kwemashure kunowedzera ngozi yekukuvara kwemutsipa. Kana kupesana kunoitika, chatinoda kutsigira musoro kuti udzivise. " Musoro unokandwa kumashure, kwete mutsipa, ndosaka musoro wakakodzera uchiuya wakagadzikana nemapiro akapfava, "akadaro Wei Hong, cockpit uye ekunze simulation engineer.
"Kune boka redu rekuchengetedza chigaro, 100% kuchengetedzwa hakuna kukwana. Tinofanira kuwana 120% kushanda kuti tinzi takakodzera. Kuzvida kwakadaro hakubvumiri kuti tive vatevedzeri. Tinofanira kupinda zvakadzika mukuchengetedzwa kwechigaro Kana zvasvika kune zvepabonde uye kunyaradza tsvakurudzo nekusimudzira, iwe unofanirwa kuva nekutaura kwekupedzisira uye kudzora mararamiro ako pachako. Ichi ndicho chirevo chekuvapo kweboka redu.
Kunyangwe kugadzirira kwakaoma, isu hatisi kuchengetedza vashandi, uye kunyangwe kuravira kuchidhura, isu hatingaderedze zviwanikwa.
PaLi Auto, isu tinogara tichisimbirira kuti chengetedzo ndiyo yakasarudzika.
Aya magadzirirwo akavanzika uye asingaoneki "kung fu" pazvigaro zvemotokari zvakanaka anogona kudzivirira nhengo yese yemhuri mumotokari panguva dzakaoma, asi isu tinovimba nemoyo wese kuti haizomboshandiswa.
Nguva yekutumira: May-14-2024